Which of the following are common tests to diagnose viral infections treated by antivirals?

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and serology tests are commonly used to diagnose viral infections treated by antiviral agents because they specifically target the detection of viral pathogens or the immune response to them.

PCR is a highly sensitive and specific molecular technique that can amplify minute quantities of viral DNA or RNA, allowing for the identification of the virus even when present in low amounts. This capability makes it particularly useful for diagnosing viral infections such as HIV, hepatitis, and many others where timely and accurate identification is crucial for effective treatment.

Serology tests, on the other hand, detect antibodies generated in response to viral infections. This approach can help determine if an individual has been previously infected or is currently infected, depending on the type of antibodies being measured (IgM or IgG). For many viral infections, understanding the serological status can guide treatment decisions and public health measures.

In contrast, the other methods mentioned, like CT scans and X-rays, while valuable for diagnosing some diseases, are not specific for viral infections and are more commonly used for imaging purposes in various medical scenarios. Blood cultures are primarily used for detecting bacterial infections rather than viruses. Electrocardiograms and MRIs also serve different diagnostic purposes unrelated to identifying viral infections.