What is a significant side effect of ribavirin?

Ribavirin is primarily known for its use in the treatment of viral infections, particularly in combination therapies for hepatitis C and RSV (respiratory syncytial virus). A significant side effect associated with ribavirin is hemolytic anemia, which occurs due to the drug's effects on red blood cells. Ribavirin can alter the function of erythrocytes, leading to increased destruction and reduced production of these cells, resulting in anemia characterized by fatigue, pallor, and shortness of breath.

This side effect requires monitoring of blood counts during treatment, as it can lead to a range of complications. Other common side effects of ribavirin include nausea, fatigue, and headaches; however, hemolytic anemia is particularly critical because it may necessitate dose adjustments or discontinuation of therapy, highlighting its significance in the context of ribavirin's safety profile. This side effect remains a crucial factor for clinicians to consider when prescribing ribavirin, as the risk of anemia can impact the patient's overall health and treatment adherence.